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advanced information linear technology / dust networks smartmesh ? wirelesshart tm LTC5800-WHM 2.4 ghz 802.15.4 eterna tm mote-on-chip about smartmesh wirelesshart smartmesh wirelesshart products are designe d for the harshest industrial environments, where low power, reliability, resilience and scalability are key. smartmesh wirelesshart solutions are well-su ited for applications requiring wirelesshart standards complia nce, as well as a wide range of applica tions from renewable energy generation, such as solar and wind power, to factory machine health monitoring and data center hvac energy management. smartm esh wirelesshart complies w ith the wirelesshart (iec 62591) standard, offers the lowest power consump tion in its class and is the most widely used wirelesshart produc t available. smartmes h wirelesshart systems are easy for industrial automation ve ndors to integrate and simple for end users to deploy. product descriptions ? LTC5800-WHM the LTC5800-WHM mote-on-chip ? combines dust networks? robust sensor netw orking solution with dust?s breakthrough eterna tm soc technology in an easy-to-integrate 72-pin 10 mm x 10 mm qfn package. as part of the smartmesh wirelesshart system, the LTC5800-WHM enables customers to integrate a standards-based wireless netw ork into sensors and actuators to provide scalable bidirectional communications. the LTC5800-WHM is designed for use in line-powered, battery-powered, or energy-scavenging sensor an d actuator applications tha t demand reliable performance and ultra-lo w power operation. with dust networks? innovative ieee 802.15.4-compliant design and integrated power amplifier, the LTC5800-WHM enables a decade of battery life on two aa batteries , including routing motes. all motes function as wireless routers, enabling a redunda nt, high performance, fu ll-mesh topology. the LTC5800-WHM integrates all radio circuitr y components, requiring only an ac couplin g capacitor and connection to an antenna for robust wireless connectivity. to a ccelerate customer development time and reduce development cost s, dust networks provides a fu lly engineered rf solution, comp rehensive apis, and complete development documentation. key product features highly scalable ? automatic network formation?new motes join automatically from anywhere in the network ? all motes are wireless routers, providing a full-mesh network that easily sc ales to tens of thousands of motes per square kilometer ? time-synchronized communication across 15 channels virtually eliminates in-network collisions, allowing for dense deployments in overlapping radio spaces superior reliability ? intelligent networking platform enables greater than 99.99% network reliability ev en in the most challenging monitoring and control environments ? time-synchronized channel hopping seamlessly compensates for in band blocking and multipath fading in dynamic rf environments ultra-low power operation ? industry-leading radio technology capable of line-powered, battery-powered, or energy-scavenged operation ? automatic power optimization of every device in network, enabling a decade of network operation on two lithium aa batteries easy to integrate and deploy ? fully engineered rf, with power amplifier (pa), balun, and antenna matching circuitry ? a comprehensive application programming interface (api) provides a rich and flexible f unctionality to ease software development and device integration wirelesshart (iec62591) compliance ? interoperable with wirelesshart devices secure global market solution ? operates on 2.4 ghz global license-free band, providing customers with a single product for world-wide use ? aes-128 bit encryption ieee 802.15.4e mac encryption and authentication ieee 802.15.4 phy rssi table of contents
advanced information 2 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 1.0 general ..............................................................................................................4 1.1 related docume ntation ..................................................................................... 4 1.2 conventions..................................................................................................... 4 1.2.1 signal naming .............................................................................................. 4 1.2.2 number format ............................................................................................ 4 2.0 introduction .......................................................................................................5 2.1 power supply ................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 supply monitoring and reset .......................................................................... 6 2.2 precision timing ............................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 time synchronization .................................................................................... 6 2.3 time refe rences............................................................................................... 6 2.3.1 relaxation o scillator...................................................................................... 6 2.3.2 32.768 khz crystal ....................................................................................... 6 2.3.3 20 mhz crystal ............................................................................................. 6 2.4 radio .............................................................................................................. 6 2.5 uarts............................................................................................................. 7 2.5.1 api uart pr otocols ....................................................................................... 7 2.5.3 cli uart..................................................................................................... 8 2.6 autonomous mac ............................................................................................. 8 2.7 security .......................................................................................................... 9 2.8 temperature sensor ......................................................................................... 9 2.8.1 radio inhibit ................................................................................................ 9 2.8.2 sleep .......................................................................................................... 9 2.10 flash programming ........................................................................................... 9 4.0 operation .........................................................................................................10 4.1 start up .........................................................................................................10 4.1.1 fuse table ..................................................................................................10 4.2 serial flash emulation ......................................................................................11 4.3 operatio n .......................................................................................................11 4.3.1 active state ................................................................................................11 4.3.2 doze state..................................................................................................11 4.4 duty cycling and autono mous periph erals...........................................................11 5.0 pinout ..............................................................................................................12 5.1 eterna mote-on-chip ........................................................................................12 5.3 power supply ..................................................................................................14 5.3.1 antenna .....................................................................................................15 5.4 analog ...........................................................................................................15 5.5 jtag..............................................................................................................15 6.0 absolute maximum ra tings ..............................................................................15 7.0 recommended oper ating conditions................................................................16 8.0 electrical characteristics ..................................................................................16
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 3 8.1 radio specif ications .........................................................................................16 8.2 dc characteristics ...........................................................................................16 8.3 radio receive char acteristics ............................................................................17 8.4 radio transmitter ch aracterist ics.......................................................................18 8.5 digital i/o char acterist ics .................................................................................18 8.6 temperature sensor characteri stics ...................................................................19 8.7 adc characte ristics .........................................................................................19 8.8 system charac teristics .....................................................................................19 8.9 uart ac charac teristics ...................................................................................20 8.10 timen ac charac teristics ..................................................................................21 8.11 sleepn ac char acterist ics ................................................................................21 8.12 radio_inhibit ac ch aracterist ics.....................................................................21 8.13 flash ac charac teristics..................................................................................22 8.14 flash programming ac characteri stics ................................................................22 9.0 typical performance characteristics ................................................................23 10.0 mechanical details ...........................................................................................24 10.1 mote-on-chip ..................................................................................................24 10.3 soldering info rmation ......................................................................................24 11.0 regulatory and standard s compliance .............................................................24 11.1 compliance to restriction of ha zardous substanc es (roh s) ...................................24 12.0 references .......................................................................................................25 13.0 order information............................................................................................25
advanced information 4 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 1.0 general 1.1 related documentation ? 040-0102 eterna integration guide ? 040-0109 design specific configuration guide ? 040-0110 eterna serial programmer guide 1.2 conventions 1.2.1 signal naming the naming convention for eterna signals is upper_case_separated_by_underscore. active-low signals, such as resetn, add a trailing lower case n. an exception to the naming convention is uart transmit and receive signals which are named consistent with industry practice as rx and tx, om itting the lower case n, despite being active low signals. the terms assertion and active refers to a signal in a logically true state: logic ?1? for active hi gh signals and logic ?0? for ac tive low signals. the terms negated and inactive refer to a signal being in its logically false state: logic ?0? for active high si gnals and logic ?1? for active low signals. 1.2.2 number format the 0x prefix indicates a hexadecimal number follows. the 0b prefix indicates a binary number follows. the lack of a prefix indicat es a decimal number follows.
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 5 2.0 introduction eterna is the world?s most energy-effi cient ieee 802.15.4 compliant platform enabling battery and energy harvested endpoint, routing and network management solutions. with a powerful 32-bit arm ? cortex?-m3, best in class radio, flash, ram and purpose-built peripherals, eterna provides a flexible, scalable and robust networking solution for applications demanding both minimal energy consumption and data reliability in even the most challenging rf environments. shown in figure 1, eterna integrates purpose-built peripheral s that excel in both low operating-energy consumption and the ability to rapidly and precisely cycle between operating and low-po wer states. items in the shaded region correspond to the analog/rf components. cortex-m3 timers sched. auto mac aes flash 512 kb flash controller 802.15.4 framing dma 802.15.4 mod 802.15.4 demod api uart (6-pin) ipcs spi slave ptat pmu / clock control bat. load sram 72 kb code system lna pa bpf ppf pll rssi lpf 20 mhz s analog regulator clock regulator core regulator voltage reference primary dc/dc converter pa dc/dc converter por 32 khz adc ctrl. 10-bit adc relaxation oscillator 32 khz, 20 mhz 4-bit dac vga cli uart (2 pin) limiter adc dac agc figure 1 eterna block diagram 2.1 power supply eterna is powered from a single pin, vsupply, which powers th e i/o cells and is also used to generate internal supplies. eterna?s two on-chip dc/dc converters minimize eterna?s energy consumption while the device is awake. to prevent power from being wasted the dc/dc converter is disabled when the device is in low-power state. eterna?s rejection of supply noise is substantial owing to the two integrated dc/dc converters an d three integrated low-dropout regulators. eterna?s operating supply range is high enough to support direct connection to li-sclo 2 sources and wide enough to support battery operation over a broad temperature range.
advanced information 6 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 2.1.1 supply monitoring and reset eterna integrates an power on reset (por) circuit and as the re setn input pin is nominally configured with an internal pull- up resistor, thus no connection is required. for a graceful shutdown, the software and networking layers be cleanly halted prior to assertion of the resetn pin. eterna includes a soft brown-out monitor that fully protects the flash from corruption in the event that power is removed while writing to flash. inte grated flash supervisory functionality in conjunction with *** (do we do a jfs?) yields a robust non-volatile file system. 2.2 precision timing eterna, differs from competing 802.15.4 product offerings by providing low-power dedicated timing hardware and timing algorithms that provide timing precision two to three orders of magnitude better than any other available low-power solution. improved timing accuracy allows motes to minimize the amount of radio listening time required to ensure packet reception thereby lowering even further the power consumed by an eterna network. eterna?s patented timing hardware and timing algorithms provide superior performance over rapid temperatur e changes, further differentia ting eterna?s reliability when compared with other wireless products. in addition, precise timing enables networks to reduce spectral dead time, increasing total network throughput. 2.2.1 time synchronization in addition to coordinating timeslots across the network, whic h is transparent to the user, eterna?s unparalleled timing management is used to support two mechanisms to share network time. having an accurate, shared, network-wide time base enables events to be accurately time stamped or tasks to be performed in a synchronized fash ion across a network. eterna will send a time packet through its serial interface when one of the following occurs: ? eterna receives an hdlc request to read time ? the timen signal is asserted the use of timen has the advantage of being more accurate. th e value of the timestamp is captured in hardware relative to the rising edge of timen. if the hdlc request is used, due to packet processing the value of the timestamp may be captured several milliseconds after receipt of the packet. see section 8.10 for the time functions definition and specifications. 2.3 time references eterna includes three clock sources: a low power oscillator designed for a 32.768 khz crystal, the radio reference oscillator designed for a 20 mhz crystal, and an internal relaxation oscillator. 2.3.1 relaxation oscillator the relaxation oscillator is the primary clock source for eterna, providing the clock for the cpu, memory subsystems, and all peripherals. the internal relaxation oscillator typically starts up in a few s, providing an expedient, low-energy method for duty cycling between active and low power states. quick start-up from the doze state, defined in section 4.0, allows eterna to wake up and receive data over the uart and spi interfaces by simply by detecting activity the appropriate signals. 2.3.2 32.768 khz crystal once eterna is powered up and the 32.768 khz crystal source ha s begun oscillating, the 32.768 khz crystal remains operational while in the active state, and is used as the timing basis when in doze state. see section 4.0 for a description o f eterna?s operational states. 2.3.3 20 mhz crystal the 20 mhz crystal source provides a frequency reference for the radio, and is automatically enabled and disabled by eterna as needed. 2.4 radio eterna is the lowest-power commercially available 2.4 ghz ieee 802.15.4e radio by a substantial margin. (please refer to section 8.2 for power consumption numbers.). eterna?s integrated power amplifier is calibrated and temperature-compensated to consistently provide power at a limit suitable for worldwid e radio certifications. additionally, eterna uniquely includes a
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 7 hardware-based autonomous mac that handles precise sequencing of peripherals, including the transmitter, the receiver, and aes peripherals. the hardware-based autonomous mac minimizes cpu activity, thereby further decreasing power consumption. 2.5 uarts the principal network interface is th rough the application programming inte rface (api) uart. a command-line interface (cli) is also provided for support of test and debug functions. both uarts sense activity continuously, consuming virtually no power until data is transferred over the port and then automatically returning to their lowest power state after the conclusion of a transfer. 2.5.1 api uart protocols the api uart supports multiple protocols with the goal of supporting a wide range of companion mcus while reducing power consumption of the system. in a system design with more than one device communicating across a serial port, higher serial data rates translate into lower po wer consumption. the receive half of the api uart prot ocol includes two additional signals in addition to uart_rx, uart_rx_rtsn and uart_rx_ctsn. the transmit half of the api uart protocol includes two additional signals in addition to uart_tx, uart_tx_rtsn and uart_tx_ctsn. three supported protocols are supported and are referred to as uart mode 0, uart mode 2 and uart mode 4. in the figures accompanying the protocol descriptions, signals driven by the comp anion processor are drawn in black and signals driven by eterna are drawn in blue. 2.5.1.1 uart mode 0 uart mode 0 is set to 9600 baud, not hdlc encoded, only uart_rx and uart_tx signals are supported. 2.5.1.2 uart mode 2 uart mode 2 provides the most energy efficient method for operating eterna?s api uart. uart mode 2 requires the use of all six uart signals, but does not require adherence to w ith the minimum inter-packet delay as defined in section 8.9. uart mode 2 incorporates edge sensitive flow control, enab ling both 9600 and 115200 baud. packets are hdlc encoded, one stop bit, no parity bit. the flow control signals for eterna?s api receive path are shown in figure 2. transfers are initiated by the companion processor asserting uart_rx_rt sn, eterna responds by enabling the uart and asserting uart_rx_ctsn. after detecting the assertion of uart_rx _ctsn the companion processo r sends the entire packet. following the transmission of the final byte in the packet the companion processor negates uart_rx_rtsn and waits until the negation of uart_rx_ctsn befo re asserting uart_rx_rtsn again. figure 2 uart mode 2 receive flow control the flow control signals for eterna?s api transmit path are show n in figure 3. transfers are initiated by eterna asserting uart_tx_rtsn, the companion processor responds by asse rting uart_tx_ctsn when ready to receive data. after detecting the falling edge of uart_tx_ctsn eterna sends the entir e packet. following the transmission of the final byte in the packet eterna negates uart_tx_rtsn and waits until the negation of uart_tx_ctsn before asserting uart_tx_rtsn again. the companion processor may negate ua rt_tx_ctsn any time after the first byte is transmitted provided the time out from uart_tx_rtsn to uart_tx_ctsn is met.
advanced information 8 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet figure 3 uart mode 2 transmit flow control 2.5.1.3 uart mode 4 uart mode 4 incorporates level sensitive flow control on the tx channel and requires no flow control on the rx channel, supporting both 9600 and 115200 baud. the use of level sensitiv e flow control signals enables support of higher data rates with the option of using a reduced set of the flow control signals, with the drawback of requiring the companion processor to comply with the minimum inter-packet delay as defined in section 8.9. packets are hdlc encoded, one stop bit, no parity bit. the use of the rx flow control signals, uart_rx_rtsn and uart_rx_ctsn, for mode 4 are optional provided the use is limited to the industrial temperature range, -40 deg c to 85 deg c; otherwise, the flow control should follow the same protocol described in section 2.5.1.2. the flow control signals for the tx channel are shown in figure 4. transfers are initiated by eterna asserting uart_tx_ rtsn. the uart_tx_ctsn signal may be actively driven by the companion processor when ready to receive a packet or uart_tx_ctsn may be tied low. after detecting a logic ?0? of uart_tx_ctsn eterna sends the entire packet . following the transmission of the final byte in the packet eterna negates uart_tx_rtsn and waits for a minimum period defined in section 8.9 before asserting uart_tx_rtsn again. figure 4 uart mode 4 transmit flow control for details on the timing of the uart protocol , see section 8.9 (uart ac characteristics). 2.5.3 cli uart the command line interface (cli) uart port is a two wire protocol (tx and rx) that operates at a fixed 9600 baud rate with one-stop bit and no parity. the cli uart interface is in tended to support command-line instructions and response activity. 2.6 autonomous mac eterna was designed as a system solution with the objective of providing a reliable, ultra-low power, and secure network. a reliable network capable of dynamically optimizing operation over changing environments requires solutions that are far too complex to completely support through hard ware acceleration alone. as described in section 2.2, proper time management is essential for optimizing a solution that is both low power an d reliable. to address this solution eterna includes the
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 9 autonomous mac, which includes hardware support for c ontrolling all of the time-critical radio operations. the autonomous mac provides two benefits: first, preventing va riable software latency from affecting network timing and second, greatly reducing system power consumption by allowing the cpu to remain inactive during the majority of the radio activity. the autonomous mac, unique to eterna, provides software-independent timing control of the radio and radio- related functions, resulting in superior reliability and exceptionally low power. 2.7 security network security is an often overlooked component of a complete network solution. proper implementation of security protocols is significant in terms of both engineering effort and market value in an oem product. eterna system solutions provide a fips-197 validat ed encryption scheme, an d goes further, providing a complete set of mechanisms to protect network security. eterna includes hardwa re support for electronica lly locking devices, thereby preventing access to eterna?s flash and ram memory. this lock-out feature provides a means to securely unlock a device should support of a product require access. for details see 040-0109 design specific configuration guide. 2.8 temperature sensor eterna includes a calibrated temperature sensor on chip. the temperature readings are availa ble locally through eterna?s serial api, in addition to being available via the network mana ger. the performance characteristics of the temperature sensor can be found in section 8.6. 2.8.1 radio inhibit the radio_inhibit digital interrupt enables an external contro ller to temporarily disable the radio software drivers (for example, to take a sensor reading that is susceptible to ra dio interference). when radio_inhibit is asserted the software radio drivers will disallow radio op erations including clear channe l assessment, packet transmits, or packet receipts. if a rad io event is in progress radio inhibit will take effect after the present operation completes. for details on the timing associate d with radio_inhibit, see section 8.12. 2.8.2 sleep the sleepn digital interrupt enables an ex ternal controller to temporarily disable eterna?s duty cycling between active and doze states (see section 4.0 for state definitions). forcing eterna to the doze state should only be done when absolutely necessary, such as when taking a very sensitive sensor read ing, as forcing a device into a doze state will on the average increase the energy consumption of other devices in the networ k. when sleepn is asserted th e software will go into a doze state until the sleepn signal is negated. for details on the timing associated with sleepn, see section 8.11. 2.10 flash programming eterna?s software images are loaded vi a the ipcs, in-circuit programming contro l system, spi interf ace. sequencing of resetn and flash_p_enn, as de scribed in section 4.0, places eterna in a state emulating a serial flash to support in- circuit programming. hardware and software for supporting development and production programming of devices is described in 040-0110 eterna serial programmer guide. the serial protocol, spi, and timing parameters are described in section 8.13.
advanced information 10 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 4.0 operation in order to provide capabilities and flexibility in addition to ultra low power, eterna operates in various states, as shown in figure 8 and described in this section. cpu and peripherals inactive resetn low and flash_p_enn low lowpowersleep command operation set resetn high and flash_p_en high for 125 s, then set resetn low load fuse settings serial flash emulation reset doze deep sleep active power-on reset start up inactive hw or pmu event resetn low and flash_p_enn high vsupply > por de-assert resetn boot assert resetn assert resetn assert resetn figure 8 state diagram ? operating modes 4.1 start up start up occurs as a result of either tripping of the power-on -reset circuit or the assertion of resetn. after the completion of power-on-reset (see section 2.1.1) or the falling edge of an internally synchronized resetn, eterna loads its fuse table (see section 4.1.1), including setting i/o direction. in this state, eterna checks the state of the flash_p_enn and resetn and enters the serial flash emulation mode , if both signals are asserted. if the flas h_p_enn pin is not asserted but resetn is not asserted, eterna automatically reduces its energy consumption to a minimum until resetn is released. once resetn is de- asserted, eterna goes through a boot sequence, an d then enters the active state. 4.1.1 fuse table eterna?s fuse table is a 2 kb page in flash that contains two data structures, one for hardware configuration immediately following power on reset or the assertion of resetn and one for configuration of design specific parameters. hardware support for configuration includes configuration of i/o, preventing i/o leakage from negatively affecting current consumption during power on, which can be a significant issue for current limited supplies. examples of design-specific parameters include setting of uart modes, clock sources and tr im values. fuse tables are created via the fuse table application software described in 040-0109 design specific confi guration guide. fuse tables are loaded into flash using the same software and in-circuit programmer used to load eterna?s networking software image ? see the 040-0110 eterna serial programmer guide for details.
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 11 4.2 serial flash emulation when both resetn and flash_p_enn are asserted, eterna di sables normal operation and enters a mode to emulate the operation of a serial flash. in this mode, its flash can be pr ogrammed with software updates . for details, see section 2.10. 4.3 operation once eterna has completed startup, eterna transitions to the operational group of states ( active / cpu active, active / cpu inactive, and doze). there, eterna cycles between the various states, automatically selecting the lowest power state possible while fulfilling the demands of network operation. 4.3.1 active state in active state, the eterna?s relaxation oscillator is runnin g and peripherals are enabled as needed. the arm cortex-m3 cycles as needed between cpu-active and cpu-inactive (referred to in the arm co rtex-m3 literature as ?sleep now? or ?sleep on exit? modes). eterna?s extensive use of dma and intelligent peripherals that can independently move eterna between the active and doze states mini mizes the time the cpu is active, significantly reducing eterna?s energy consumption. 4.3.2 doze state the doze state consumes orders of magnitude less current than the active state (see table 6) and is entered when all of the peripherals, save the low power portion of the timer module, and the cpu are inactive. in the doze state eterna?s full state is retained and eterna is configured to detect, wake, and rapidly respond to activity on i/os (such as uart signals and the timen pin). the doze state also us es the 32.768-khz oscillator and 32 khz based timers are active. 4.4 duty cycling and autonomous peripherals eterna?s ability to quickly and efficiently transition betwee n doze and active states, in conjunction with the ability of peripherals to operate autonomously for most operations (sho wn in figure 9), enables the system solution to significantly reduce power consumption. for example the system can automatically go from doze to active and determine if rf energy is present. the cpu is then only woken if a packet is detected, otherwise eterna returns to doze mode. figure 9 low energy duty cycling
advanced information 12 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 5.0 pinout 5.1 eterna mote-on-chip figure 10 and table 1 show the default pinout and pin-assignment for eterna. for clarity the pins are grouped by function in the pin-assignment table. note: all unused input pins not configured with a pull resistor (s ee pull column in pinout table) must be driven to their inactive state or be configured by the fuse table to pull to an inactive state to avoid excess leakage and undesired operation. leakage due to floating inputs can be substantially greater than eterna?s average power consumption. pin functions shown in gray are not currently supported via software. radio_inhibit / gpio15 1 cap_pa_1p 2 cap_pa_1m 3 cap_pa_2m 4 cap_pa_2p 5 cap_pa_3p 6 cap_pa_3m 7 cap_pa_4m 8 cap_pa_4p 9 vddpa 10 lna_en / gpio17 11 radio_tx / gpio18 12 radio_txn / gpio19 13 antenna 14 ai_0 15 ai_1 16 ai_3 17 ai_2 18 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 vpp 54 spis_ssn / sda 53 spis_sck / scl 52 gpio26 / spis_mosi / uartc1_rx 51 spis_miso / 1-wire / uartc1_tx 50 pwm0 / gpio16 49 gpio20 48 spim_ss_0n / gpio12 47 spim_ss_1n / gpio13 46 ipcs_ssn / gpio3 45 ipcs_sck / gpio4 44 spim_sck / gpio9 43 ipcs_mosi / gpio5 42 spim_mosi / gpio10 41 ipcs_miso / gpio6 40 spim_miso / gpio11 39 uartc0_rx 38 uartc0_tx 37 paddle (gnd) figure 10 eterna mote-on-chip pinout ? top view
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 13 table 1 eterna mote-on-chip pinout assignments no power supply type i/o pull description p gnd power - - ground connection p = qfn paddle 2 cap_pa_1p power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 1 plus terminal 3 cap_pa_1m power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 1 minus terminal 4 cap_pa_2m power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 2 minus terminal 5 cap_pa_2p power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 2 plus terminal 6 cap_pa_3p power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 3 plus terminal 7 cap_pa_3m power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 3 minus terminal 8 cap_pa_4m power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 4 minus terminal 9 cap_pa_4p power - - pa dc/dc converter capacitor 4 plus terminal 10 vddpa power - - internal power amplifier power supply 30 vdda power - - regulated analog supply 31 vcore power - - regulated core supply 32 vosc power - - regulated oscillator supply 56 vprime power - - internal primary core power supply 57 cap_prime_4p power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 4 plus terminal 58 cap_prime_4m power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 4 minus terminal 59 cap_prime_3m power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 3 minus terminal 60 cap_prime_3p power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 3 plus terminal 61 cap_prime_2p power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 2 plus terminal 62 cap_prime_2m power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 2 minus terminal 63 cap_prime_1m power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 1 minus terminal 64 cap_prime_1p power - - primary dc/dc converter capacitor 1 plus terminal 65 vsupply power - - power supply input to eterna no radio type i/o pull description 1 radio_inhibit 1* i - radio inhibit 14 antenna - - - single-ended antenna port no analog type i/o pull description 15 ai_0 analog i - analog input 0 16 ai_1 analog i - analog input 1 17 ai_3 analog i - analog input 3 18 ai_2 analog i - analog input 2 no crystals type i/o pull description 19 osc_32k_xout crystal i - 32 khz crystal xout 20 osc_32k_xin crystal i - 32 khz crystal xin 28 osc_20m_xin crystal i - 20 mhz crystal xin 29 osc_20m_xout crystal i - 20 mhz crystal xout no reset type i/o pull description 22 resetn 1 i up reset, input, active low no jtag type i/o pull description 23 tdi 1 i up jtag test data in 24 tdo 1 o - jtag test data out 25 tms 1 i up jtag test mode select 26 tck 1 i down jtag test clock
advanced information 14 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet no gpios type i/o pull description 34 gpio21 1 i/o - general purpose digital i/o 51 gpio26 1 i/o - general purpose digital i/o note: see also 40, 42, 44, and 45 for additional gpio ports. no special purpose digital type i/o pull description 35 sleepn 1* i - deep sleep, active low 72 timen 1* i - time capture request, active low no cli type i/o pull description 37 uartc0_tx 2 o - cli uart 0 transmit 38 uartc0_rx 1 i up cli uart 0 receive no ipcs spi /flash programming type i/o pull description 40 ipcs_miso 2 o - spi flash emulation (miso) master in slave out port gpio6 2 i/o - general purpose digital i/o 42 ipcs_mosi 1 i - spi flash emulati on (mosi) master out slave in port gpio5 1 i/o - general purpose digital i/o 44 ipcs_sck 1 i - spi flash emulation (sck) serial clock port igpio4 1 i/o - general purpose digital i/o 45 ipcs_ssn 1 i - spi flash emulation slave select, active low gpio3 1 i/o - general purpose digital i/o 55 flash_p_enn 1 i up flash program enable, active low note that this functionality is available only when resetn is asserted no uart type i/o pull description 66 uart_rx_rtsn 1* i - uart receive (rts) request to send, active low 67 uart_rx_ctsn 1 o - uart receive (cts) clear to send, active low 68 uart_rx 1* i - uart receive 69 uart_tx_rtsn 1 o - uart transmit (rts) request to send, active low 70 uart_tx_ctsn 1* i - uart transmit (cts) clear to send, active low 71 uart_tx 2 o - uart transmit * input signals that must be driven or pulled to a valid state to avoid leakage. 5.3 power supply eterna is powered from a single pin, vsupply, and generate s all required supplies internally. with two integrated dc/dc converters and four voltage regulators, the sensitivity to nois e on vsupply is minimal. howe ver, during typical operation eterna will vary its load on the power supply from the a range to 10?s of ma over a few s. during such transients, the power supply must meet the specifications for supply noise tolerance. eterna is designed to operate with specific decoupling capacitance on vcore, vdda, vosc, vddpa, and vprime, as well as the internal converter capacitors c1 through c4. failure to use correctly sized ceramic capacitors can result in supply instability and performance degradation.
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 15 5.3.1 antenna eterna allows direct connection to a single-ended 50-ohm ante nna; an internal tx/rx switch simplifies external circuitry requirements. because both the transmit a nd the receive paths are single-ended, a balun (with its associated cost and efficiency loss) are not required. eterna provides options to set typical output power to 0 dbm or to +8 dbm using the on-chip pa. for further details on radio tr ansmit and receive, see section 2.4. 5.4 analog eterna has four analog inputs. its 10-bit adc includes a 4-bit dac for adjusting offset and a 3-bit vga, as shown in figure 13. the software application layer controls adc operation and may be configured to automatically sample any combination of the internal temperature sensor, or analog input signals. figure 13 analog to digital chain 5.5 jtag eterna includes an ieee 1149.1-compliant jtag port for boundary scan. 6.0 absolute maximum ratings the absolute maximum ratings shown in table 3 should not be violated under any circumstances. permanent damage to the device may be caused by exceeding one or more of these parameters. unless otherwise noted, all voltages in table 3 are relative to gnd. table 3 absolute maximum ratings parameter min typ max units comments supply voltage (vsupply to gnd) ?0.3 3.76 v voltage on any digital i/o pin ?0.3 vsupply + 0.3 up to 3.76 v input rf level +10 dbm i nput power at antenna connector storage temperature range ?55 +105 c extended storage at high temperature is discouraged, as this negatively affects the data retention of eterna?s calibration data. lead temperature +245 c for 10 seconds vswr of antenna 3:1 esd protection antenna pad 1000 v hbm all other pads 1000 v hbm 100 v cdm caution! esd sensitive device. precaution should be used when handling the device in order to prevent permanent damage.
advanced information 16 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 7.0 recommended operating conditions table 4 recommended operation conditions parameter conditions min typ max units vsupply range including noise and load regulation 2.1 3.6 3.76 v voltage supply noise requires recommended rlc filter, 50 hz to 2 mhz 250 mv p-p operating temperature range ?40 +85 c operating relative humidity non-condensing 10 90 % rh power on reset threshold 1.5 v temperature ramp -8 +8 c/min 8.0 electrical characteristics 8.1 radio specifications the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 5 detailed radio specifications parameter conditions min typ max units frequency band as specified by [ 1 ] 2.4000 2.4835 ghz number of channels 15 channel separation as specified by [ 1 ] 5 mhz occupied channel bandwidth at ?20 dbc 2.7 mhz channel center frequency where k = 11 to 25.? 2405 + 5 * (k-11) mhz modulation ieee 802.15.4 dsss raw data rate as specified by [ 1 ] 250 kbps range* indoor ? outdoor ? free space 25 c, 50% rh, +2 dbi omni-directional antenna 100 300 1200 m m m * actual rf range performance is subject to a number of inst allation-specific variables in cluding, but not restricted to ambient temperature, relative humidity, presence of acti ve interference sources, line-of-sight obstacles, and near- presence of objects (for example, trees, walls, signage, and so on) that may induce multipath fading. as a result, actual performance varies. ? 1 meter above ground. ? channel 26 as specified by [ 1 ] is not used.. 8.2 dc characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 6 dc specifications parameter conditions min typ max units reset after power-on reset 1.2 a deep sleep 0.8 a doze ram on; arm cortex-m3, flash, radio, and peripherals off, all data and state retained, 32.768 khz reference active 1.2 a serial flash emulation 20 ma peak operating current system operating at 14.7 mhz radio tx flash write
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 17 parameter conditions min typ max units at +8 dbm output power 30 ma at 0 dbm output power 26 ma active* arm cortex-m3, ram, and flash on; radio and peripherals off clk = 7.37 mhz, vcore = 1.8 v 2.4 ma flash write single bank write 3 ma flash erase single bank page or mass erase 2.5 ma radio tx ? mesh network - clk = 7.3728 mhz, aes active 0 dbm output power +8 dbm output power 5.4 9.7 ma ma radio rx ? mesh network - clk = 7.3728 mhz, aes active 4.5 ma note: see section 3.0 for detailed oper ational definitions of states. * clk = clock frequency of cpu and peripherals. ? current with autonomous mac handling packet transmission and reception; cpu idle. 8.3 radio receive characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 7 radio receive characteristics parameter conditions min typ max units receiver sensitivity per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] ?93 dbm receiver sensitivity per = 50% ?95 dbm saturation (maximum input level) 0 dbm adjacent channel rejection (high side) desired signal at -82 dbm, adjacent modulated channel at 5 mhz, per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] 22 dbc adjacent channel rejection (low side) desired signal at -82 dbm, adjacent modulated channel at -5 mhz, per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] 19 dbc alternate channel rejection (high side) desired signal at -82 dbm, adjacent modulated channel at 10 mhz, per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] 40 dbc alternate channel rejection (low side) desired signal at -82 dbm, adjacent modulated channel at -10 mhz, per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] 36 dbc second alternate channel rejection desired signal at -82 dbm, adjacent modulated channel at +/-10 mhz, per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] 42 dbc co-channel rejection desired signal at -82 dbm. undesired signal is 802.15.4 modulated at same frequency. per = 1%, as specified by [ 1 ] ?6 dbc lo feed through advanced information 18 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 8.4 radio transmitter characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 8 radio transmitter characteristics parameter conditions min typ max units output power calibrated settings delivered to a 50 ? load, over temperature and voltage ranges 0 +8 dbm dbm spurious emissions 30 mhz to 1000 mhz 1 ghz to 12.75 ghz upper band edge (peak) upper band edge (average) lower band edge conducted measurement with a 50 ? single-ended load, +8 dbm output power. all measurements made with max hold. rf implementation per eterna reference design. rbw = 120 khz, vbw = 100 hz rbw = 1 mhz, vbw = 3 mhz rbw = 1 mhz, vbw = 3 mhz rbw = 1 mhz, vbw = 10 hz rbw = 100 khz, vbw = 100 khz advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 19 v oh (high-level output voltage) high drive i oh(max) = ? 6.3 ma vsupply - 0.3 ? vsupply + 0.3 ? v input leakage current 50 na ? min and min and max io input levels must respect the minimum and maximum voltages for vsupply. 8.6 temperature sensor characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 11 temperature sensor characteristics parameter conditions min typ max units offset temperature offset e rror at 25 oc 0.25 c slope error slope error from -40 to +85 oc 0.033 c/c 8.7 adc characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 12 adc characteristics parameter conditions min typ max units variable gain amplifier gain gain error 1 8 1 % digital to analog converter (dac) offset output differential non-linearity (dnl) 1.8/16 1.8 7.2 v mv analog to digital converter (adc) full-scale, signal resolution offset differential non-linearity (dnl) integral non-linearity (inl) settling time conversion time current consumption midscale 10-kohm source impedance 1.80 1.8 4 1 1 10 20 50 v mv lsb lsb lsb s s a analog inputs* load input resistance 17 1 35 2 pf kohm * the analog inputs to the adc can be model as a series resi stor to a load capacitor. at a minimum the entire circuit, including the source impedance for the signal driving the anal og input should be designed to settle to within ? lsb within the sampling window to match the performance of the adc. 8.8 system characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 13 system characteristics parameter conditions min typ max units doze to active state delay 5 s doze to radio tx or rx 1.2 ms q cca charge to sample rf channel start from doze state 4 c radio baud rate 250 kbps resetn pulse width 125 s
advanced information 20 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 8.9 uart ac characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 14 uart timing values parameter conditions min typ max unit t rx_baud deviation from baud rate ?2 +2 % t tx_baud deviation from baud rate ?1 +1 % t rx_rts_r to rx_cts assertion of uart_rx_rtsn to assertion of uart_rx_ctsn, or negation of uart_rx_rtsn to negation of uart_rx_ctsn 0 22 ms t cts_r to rx assertion of uart_rx_ctsn to start of byte 0 20 ms t eop to rx_rts end of packet (end of the last stop bit) to negation of uart_rx_rtsn 0 22 ms t tx_rts_t to tx_cts assertion of uart_tx_rtsn to assertion of uart_tx_ctsn, or negation of uart_tx_rtsn to negation of uart_tx_ctsn 0 22 ms t tx_cts_t to tx assertion of uart_tx_ctsn to start of byte 0 2 bit period t eop to tx_rts end of packet (end of the last stop bit) to negation of uart_tx_rtsn 0 1 bit period t rx_interbyte receive inter-byte delay 100 ms t tx to tx_cts start of byte to negation of uart_tx_ctsn 0 ms t interpacket transmit and receive inter-packet delay (mode 4 only) 100 ms
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 21 figure 16 uart timing 8.10 timen ac characteristics the following characteristics are measured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unl ess otherwise specified. note that the time pin must remain negated until the time packet has been received. table 15 timestamp characteristics parameter conditions min typ max unit t strobe 125 s t response from rising edge of timen 100 ms resolution see the serial api definition for getparameter +/- 1 s network-wide time accuracy stable temperature environment +/- 50 s figure 17 timestamp timing diagram 8.11 sleepn ac characteristics the following characteristics are measured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unl ess otherwise specified. note that the time pin must remain negated until the time packet has been received. table 16 sleepn characteristics parameter conditions min typ max unit t doze from falling edge of sleepn 20 ms t sleep_strobe maximum strobe width 2 s figure 18 sleepn timing diagram 8.12 radio_inhibit ac characteristics the following characteristics are measured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unl ess otherwise specified. note that the time pin must remain negated until the time packet has been received. table 17 radio_inhibit characteristics parameter conditions min typ max unit t radio_off from rising edge of radio_inhibit 20 ms t radio_inhibit_strobe maximum strobe width 2 s
advanced information 22 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet figure 19 radio_inhibit timing diagram 8.13 flash ac characteristics the following characteristics are m easured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c, unless otherwise specified. table 18 flash ac timing values parameter conditions min typ max unit t 32-bit_word writing a 32-bit word 21 s t page_erase page erase 21 ms t mass_erase bank erase 21 ms 8.14 flash programming ac characteristics the following characteristics are measured with vsupply = 3.6 v at 25 c with 10 pf load capacitance, unless otherwise specified. table 19 spi slave ac timing values parameter conditions min typ max unit t sss ipcs_ssn setup to leading edge of ipcs_sck 15 ns t ssh ipcs_ssn hold from trailing edge of ipcs_sck 15 ns t ck ipcs_sck period 50 ns t dis ipcs_mosi data setup 15 ns t dih ipcs_mosi data hold 5 ns t dov ipcs_miso data valid 3 15 ns t off ipcs_miso data tri-state 0 15 ns figure 20 flash programming slave timing
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 23 9.0 typical performance characteristics network motes typically route through at least two parents traffic destined for the manager. the bandwidth and keep-alive overhead required to support network motes will be shared across all of the mote's parents. the supply current plots include a parameter called traffic-weighted descendants. in these graphs the term traffic-weighted descen dants refers to an amount of activity equivalent to the number of descendants were all of the network traffic and keep-alives directed to the mote in question. generally the number of descendants of a parent is more (typically 2x or more) than the number of traffic-weighted descendants. for example, with reference to figure 25 mote p1 has 0.75 traffic-weighted descendants. to obtain this value notice that mote d1 routes half its packets through mote p1 adding 0.5 to the traffic-weighted descendant value; the other half of d1's traffic is routed through its other parent, p2. mote d2 routes half its packets through mote d1 (the other half going through parent p3), which we know routes half its packets to mote p1, adding another 0.25 to the traffic-weighted descendant value for a total traffic-weighted descendant value of 0.75. figure 25 network graph depicting traffic weighted descendant value calculation the following plots correspond to networks with a p2 bandwidth profile, an assumed path stability of 80%, an 80 byte packet and unless otherwise specified operation at 25 degrees c.
advanced information 24 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet 10.0 mechanical details 10.1 mote-on-chip eterna comes in 72-lead 10 x 10 mm, 0.5 mm lead pitch qfn, as illustrated in figure 26. figure 26 mechanical drawing ? eterna qfn package outline drawing 10.3 soldering information eterna is suitable for both eutectic pbsn and rohs-6 refl ow. the maximum reflow soldering temperature is 260 oc. 11.0 regulatory and standards compliance eterna is suitable for systems targeting compliance with worl dwide radio frequency regulations: etsi en 300 328 and en300 440 class 2 (europe), fcc cfr47 part 15 (us), and arib std-t66 (japan). 11.1 compliance to restriction of hazardous substances (rohs) restriction of hazardous substances (roh s) is a directive that places maximum c oncentration limits on the use of cadmium (cd), lead (pb), hexavalent chromium (cr+6), mercury (hg), polybrominated biphenyl (pbb), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbde). dust networks is committed to meeting the re quirements of the european community directive 2002/95/ec. this product has been specifically designed to utilize rohs-c ompliant materials and to eliminate or reduce the use of restricted materials to comply with 2002/95/ec. the rohs-compliant design features include: ? rohs-compliant solder for solder joints
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 25 ? rohs-compliant base metal alloys ? rohs-compliant precious metal plating ? rohs-compliant cable assemblies and connector choices ? lead-free qfn package ? halogen-free mold compound ? rohs-compliant and 245 c re-flow compatible note: customers may elect to use certain types of lead-free solder alloys in accordance wi th the european community directive 2002/95/ec. depending on the type of solder paste chosen, a corresponding process change to optimize reflow temperatures may be required. 12.0 references [ 1 ] ieee std. 802.15.4-2006: wireless medium access control (mac) and ph ysical layer (phy) specifications for low-rate wireless personal area networks (lr-wpans) http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802 /download/802. 15.4-2006.pdf 13.0 order information lead free finish tray part marking* package description temperature range ltc5800iwr-whma#pbf ltc5800iwr-whma#pbf ltc5800wr 72-lead (10mm x 10mm x 0.85 mm) qfn -40 c to 85 c ltc5800hwr-whma#pbf ltc5800hwr-whma#pbf ltc5800wr 72-lead (10mm x 10mm x 0.85 mm) qfn -55 c to 105 c *the temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. for more information on lead free part ma rking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ this product is only offered in trays. for more information go to: http://www.linear.com/packaging/
advanced information 26 linear technology / dust networks eterna datasheet trademarks smartmesh industrial and eterna are trademarks of dust networks, inc. the dust networ ks logo, dust, dust networks, and smartmes h are registered trademarks of dust networks, inc. the linear logo is a register ed trademark of linear technology corporation. all third-party b rand and product names are the trademarks of their respective owners and are used solely for informational purposes. arm and cortex are trademarks or registered tradem arks of arm limited in the eu and other countries. copyright this documentation is protected by united states and international copyright and ot her intellectual and industrial property law s. it is solely owned by dust networks, inc. and its licensors and is distributed under a restrictive license. this product, or any portion thereof, may not be used, copied, modified, reverse assembled, reverse compiled, reverse engineered, distribut ed, or redistributed in any form by any means without the pri or written authorization of dust networks, inc. restricted rights: use, duplication, or disc losure by the u.s. government is subject to restrictions of far 52.227-14(g) (2)(6/ 87) and far 52.227-19(6/87), or dfar 252.227-7015 (b)(6/95) and dfar 227.7202-3( a), and any and all similar a nd successor legislation and r egulation. disclaimer this documentation is provided ?as is? without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. this documentation might include technical inaccuracies or other errors. corrections and improveme nts might be incorporated in new versions of the documentation. dust networks does not assume any liability arising out of the a pplication or use of any products or services and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation cons equential or incidental damages. dust networks products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or other systems where malfunction can rea sonably be expected to result in significant personal injury to the user, or as a criti cal component in any life support device or system whose failur e to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. dust networks cus tomers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk a nd agree to fully indemnify and hold dust networks and its offic ers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors ha rmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney f ees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or una uthorized use, even if such claim alleg es that dust networks was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of its products. dust networks reserves the right to make corrections, modifica tions, enhancements, improvements , and other changes to its produ cts or services at any time and to discontinue any product or serv ice without notice. customers should obtain the latest relevant information before p lacing orders and should verify that such information is current a nd complete. all products are sold subject to dust network's terms and conditions of s ale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment or sale. dust networks does not warrant or represent that any license, eith er express or implied, is gran ted under any dust networks pat ent right, copyright, mask work right, or other dust networks intellect ual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which dust n etworks products or services are used. information published by dust networks regarding third-party produc ts or services does not constitute a lice nse from dust networks to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereo f. use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license fr om dust networks under the pate nts or other intellectual propert y of dust networks. dust networks, inc is a wholly owned subs idiary of linear technology corporation. ? dust networks, inc. 2012. all rights reserved.
advanced information eterna datasheet linear technology / dust networks 27 last revised: july 26, 2012 document status product status definition advanced information planned or under development this datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. dust networks reserves the right to change specifications in any manner without notice. preliminary engineering samples and pre-production prototypes this datasheet contains prelimi nary data; supplementary data will be published at a later time. dust networks reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. the product is not fully qualified at this point. no identification noted full production this datasheet contains the final specifications. dust networks reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. obsolete not in production this datasheet contains specific ations for a product that has been discontinued by dust networks. the datasheet is printed for reference information only.

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